The Effect of Anticipated Regret on Flu Vaccination Campaigns

The anticipation of regret is known to be a primary motivator of receiving a vaccination. Aim of this study is to evaluate whether the use of messages that leverage the anticipated emotion of regret can increase the intention to get the flu vaccination. The participants (N = 110) randomly received a leaflet containing a standard prevention message (control condition) or message modified to induce the anticipation of regret over not being vaccinated (experimental condition), along with a questionnaire. The experimental condition's participants reported significantly higher levels of regret and higher intention to vaccinate than the participants in the control condition. Anticipated regret resulted to be a significant mediator of the intention to get vaccinated. Manipulating the salience of regret appears to be a simple and inexpensive way of effectively promoting preventive behaviour. The implications of this result for reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitation are discussed. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Europe's Journal of Psychology is the property of Leibniz Institute for Psychology (ZPID) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Native microbiomes in danger: Could One Health help to cope with this threat to global health

Planetary health faces an emergency associated with global change. Climate change, the increase in world population and urban concentration, the hyperintensification of productive systems, and the associated changes in land use, among other factors, are generating a risky substrate for global health deterioration. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an example of the problems that this situation can provoke. Several researchers and health professionals have addressed the role of microorganisms, particularly bacteria, in promoting global health, mainly in the past decades. However, global change has contributed to the extinction of a wide array of bacterial species and the disruption of microbial communities that support the homeostasis of humans, animals, and the environment. The need to protect the diversity and richness of native microbiomes in biotic and abiotic environments is crucial but has been frequently underestimated. The "One Health" approach, based on integrating traditionally unconnected fields such as human, animal, and environmental health, could provide a helpful framework to face this challenge. Anyway, drastic political decisions will be needed to tackle this global health crisis, in which the preservation of native microbial resources plays a critical role, even in preventing the risk of a new pandemic. This review aims to explain the importance of native microbiomes in biotic and abiotic ecosystems and the need to consider bacterial extinction as a crucial problem that could be addressed under a One Health approachCopyright © Zunino

College students' knowledge, attitude, and practices on COVID-19 prevention post e-health education program

This study explored if significant improvements in knowledge, attitude, and practices among college students will be observed post E-health education program on COVID-19 prevention. The study reports a pre-post quantitative research on 178 college students. The participants received nine sessions of e-health education developed using the Communicable Disease Control Health Education Curriculum Analysis Tool (HECAT) through Zoom. The adapted and modified questionnaire was developed from previously published literature regarding viral epidemics related to MERS-CoV disease, infection prevention, and control measures for COVID-19 by World Health Organization and the Communicable Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. The first phase gathers the relevant profile and background of the participants, and the last phase comprises post-evaluation. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. The results indicate above-average means for knowledge on COVID-19 prevention in the pretest (17.75±2.27) and the posttest (17.60±2.95). Moreover, the participants were aware of the importance of vaccination, social distancing measures, following health protocols, and the essentiality of compliance with government agencies' guidelines. However, the participants were not practicing some of these health measures, as evidenced by the low means in the pretest (1.75±0.97) and posttest (1.66±1.08). All tests for significant differences of pretest and posttest means of knowledge (p=0.46), attitude (p=0.12), and practices (p=0.41) on COVID-19 prevention were all insignificant. Our study provides evidence that the online health education program improved college students' knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 prevention. Still, they did not adhere to or practice some of the health measures to prevent its transmission. © 2023, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved.

MORE BIODIVERSITY TO IMPROVE OUR HEALTH The benefits to human well-being of favouring functional and diverse ecosystems

There is ample evidence that contact with nature generates measurable benefits for people's psychological and physiological health. There is also abundant research showing that well-conserved ecosystems with high levels of biodiversity serve additional functions, including the reduction of risks to human health from animal-borne infections (zoonoses such as Covid-19) or climate change. The United Nations first coined the concept of One Health specifically to encourage the multidisciplinary study of human health in the global context of animal, plant, and ecosystem health, thereby enabling progress towards more preventive and effective medicine. © 2023, Universitat de Valencia. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of a universal internet-based mental health prevention class to enhance protective factors and decrease symptomatology of college students: A closer look at Asian international students

Entering college is an important life stage and often stressful transition for young adults. This stress is compounded for international students, who are typically studying in an unfamiliar country and burdened with the additional stressors of adjusting to cultural differences and navigating higher education in the United States. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these existing stressors, placing international students who study in the United States at an even greater disadvantage. A review of literature indicates an increased risk of mental health issues among college students and highlights these unique stressors as a critical determinant of Asian international college students' well-being. With the pressing need to ensure a sustainable impact on the greatest number of Asian international college students in the United States, there is a need for universities to provide universal preventive intervention in addressing key psychological factors associated with these unique stressors to promote positive transitions and adjustment of Asian international college students to university life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a 10-week internet-based mental health prevention class (titled "Resilience and Wellness for College and Beyond" - RWCB) with supervised skill practice that focuses on reducing psychological distress, improving resilience, increasing a sense of belonging, and promoting overall well-being. The sample consists of 153 U.S. and 46 Asian international college students from a public research university in the Pacific Northwest. The study results of RWCB class are associated with higher post-class sense of belonging and subjective well-being for overall sample immediately following the class but demonstrated mixed results for Asian American and Asian international students. Interestingly, the results of hierarchal linear regression suggested that supervised skill coaching was found to contribute to the success of predicting subjective well-being for the Asian international students. In addition, post-class sense of belonging was found to have a unique effect on acculturative stress. Despite this study's limitations, the current findings illustrate the importance of further investigation into the integration of mental health prevention programming into their coursework. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive lens for institutions to better understand the challenges impacting college students' mental health and discuss the importance of collaboration across university systems to establishing meaningful and sustainable programming to students in coping with their adjustment to college. Future research is also needed for the university to adequately develop culturally appropriate practices for supporting the mental health and wellbeing of Asian international students on university campuses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Learner Experience of an Online Co-Learning Model to Support Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of the population such as increased levels of anxiety, psychological distress, isolation, etc. Access to mental health services has been limited due to the "overflow" of demands. The Recovery College (RC) model, an education-based approach, has addressed this challenge and provided online well-being and mental health courses to at-risk populations. The RC model proposes a co-learning space in an adult education program where learners from diverse backgrounds collectively learn and empower themselves to better address psychological well-being and mental health issues. The aim of this study was to document the experience of learners who participated in online RC courses during the COVID-19 pandemic and the perceived impact of these courses on their mental health. A qualitative interpretative descriptive study design was employed, and Miles and Huberman's stepwise content analysis method was used to mine the data for themes. Fourteen structured online interviews were conducted with a sample representative of the diversity of learners. Five categories of themes emerged: (1) updating and validating your mental health knowledge, (2) taking care of yourself and your mental health, (3) improving and modifying your behaviors and practices, (4) changing how you look at yourself and others, and (5) interacting and connecting with others. Results suggest that online RC courses can be an effective strategy for supporting individual self-regulation and empowerment, breaking social isolation, and reducing the effects of stress in times of social confinement measures and limited access to care.

Remote Implementation of a School-Based Health Promotion and Health Coaching Program in Low-Income Urban and Rural Sites: Program Impact during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Adapting existing health programs for synchronous remote implementation has the potential to support vulnerable youth during the COVID 19 pandemic and beyond. METHODS: The Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches Program (SYDCP), a school-based health promotion and coaching skills program, was adapted for remote implementation and offered to adolescents from low-income communities in the US: an urban site in San Jose, CA and rural sites in Lawrence County, MO, and Central Valley, CA. Participants completed online pre- and post- surveys. Analysis included paired T-tests, linear regression, and qualitative coding. RESULTS: Of 156 enrolled students, 100 completed pre- and post-surveys. Of those: 84% female; 40% Hispanic; 37% White; 28% Asian; 3% African American; 30% other race. With T-tests and regression models, the following measures showed statistically significant improvements after program participation: health knowledge, patient activation, health understanding and communication, consumption of fruits and vegetables, psychosocial assets of self-esteem, self-efficacy, problem-solving, and ability to reduce stress. Technology barriers were frequently reported at Lawrence County site. 96% participants reported making a lifestyle change after program participation. CONCLUSIONS: Remote implementation of health promotion programs for vulnerable youth in diverse settings has potential to support adoption of healthy behaviors, enhance patient activation levels, and improve psychosocial assets.

Physical Changes of Preschool Children during COVID-19 School Closures in Fujian, China.

The COVID-19 pandemic may constitute an "obesogenic lifestyle" that results in exacerbating childhood obesity. However, studies investigating regional sociodemographic factors including different age groups or sexes in children with obesity are lacking. We aimed to clarify the high obesity prevalence populations of preschool children to provide a regional basis for children's health policy during the COVID-19 school closures. From May to September 2019, a total of 29,518 preschool children were included in a large sample, multicenter cross-sectional study to explore physical status in Fujian Province by stratified cluster random sampling. In October 2019 and October 2020, we also conducted a cross-sectional study exploring physical development including changes in height, weight, and BMI of 1688 preschool children in Fuzhou before and after the COVID-19 school closures. Student' s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, or chi-square test was used to assess differences in physical development and overweight and obesity rates among preschool children before and after school closures. For regional factors, the weight of urban preschool children of all ages became higher after the outbreak (p (age 3-4) = 0.009; p (age 4-5) < 0.001; p (age 5-6) = 0.002). For sex factors, overweight and obesity in boys had a greater prevalence than in girls before and after the outbreak. In four age groups, overweight and obesity rates in the 5-year-old group (15.5% and 9.9%) were higher than before (11.4% and 6.0%). The weight and BMI of 4- to 5-year-old children also increased faster than before (p < 0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic has promoted the epidemic of childhood obesity. Living in urban/coastal (economically developed) areas, boys, and aged 4-6 years old may be a susceptible population to obesity development after the outbreak.

Between the stimulation of pleasure and biopolitics-The Corona discourse and the contradictions of the modern sexual-dispositive

Wherever sex and sexualities have been discussed within the Corona discourse, the focus was not only laid on considerations concerning hygiene-policy, but also on the importance of stimulating sexual pleasure under pandemic conditions. Within the mass media as well as in health authority guidelines, expectations became clear, that sexual pleasure could not only promote the immune system and general health conditions, but would also help to stabilize overburdened close relationships and to compensate for various psychosocial and socio-economic deprivations and stresses. In addition to self- and cybersex, this also applied to various interaction practices under conditions of physical presence. Compared to other contact restrictions in the time of the lockdowns, this ostentatiously liberal attitude towards sexual contacts seems astonishing. This article first works out the peculiarities and characteristics of corresponding discourses on a descriptive level. The findings are then analyzed in the broader contexts of the constitution and regulation of sex in modern society, whereby genealogical aspects are considered as well as questions of functional-analysis. Following neo-Marxist and post-structuralist theoretical perspectives, the problems, expectations, functions and contradictions associated with sex and sexualities are discussed in the context of social relations of production and power. Finally, the question is asked, which general contradictions of the modern sexual-dispositive become increasingly visible in the pandemic-induced state of emergency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (German) Wo in Corona-Diskursen uber Sex und Sexualitaten gesprochen wird, spielt neben naheliegenden hygienepolitischen Erwagungen auch die gezielte Anreizung sexueller Lust eine ausgepragte Rolle. In den Massenmedien aber auch in gesundheitsbehordlichen Leitlinien werden dabei Erwartungen deutlich, dass die Lust nicht nur die Immunabwehr und die allgemeine Gesundheit fordern konne, sondern auch helfe, uberlastete Nahbeziehungen zu stabilisieren sowie diverse psychosoziale und soziookonomischen Deprivationen und Belastungen auszugleichen. Das betrifft neben Self- und Cybersex auch diverse Interaktionspraktiken unter phy- sisch Anwesenden, wobei die ostentativ liberale Haltung gegenuber sexuellen Kontakten im Vergleich zu sonstigen Kontaktbeschrankungen in der Zeit des Lockdowns erstaunlich scheint. Der Artikel arbeitet zunachst Eigentumlichkeiten und Charakteristika entsprechender Diskurse auf einer deskriptiven Ebene heraus. Die Befunde werden dann unter genealogischen und funktionsanalytischen Gesichtspunkten in breitere Kontexte der Konstitution und Regulation des Sex in der modernen Gesellschaft eingeordnet. Im Anschluss an neomarxistische und poststrukturalistische Theorieperspektiven werden die mit Sex und Sexualitaten verbunden Bezugsprobleme, Leistungserwartungen, Funktionen und Widerspruche im Kontext gesellschaftlicher Produktions- und Machtverhaltnisse diskutiert. Abschliesend wird gefragt, welche grundsatzlichen Widerspruche des modernen Sexualdispositivs im pandemie-bedingten Ausnahmezustand gesteigert sichtbar werden. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Using Machine Learning Techniques to Explore the Possibilities of Reducing the Spread of Corona Virus and its New Variants

The Corona pandemic has been around for a while, and its threat to the world is growing. We believe that climate parameters and health prevention measures could be related to the number of reported Corona daily cases. In the literature there were different views on the nature of these relations using several datasets recorded from various parts of the world. In our research, data collected from zones with concentrated Corona cases: China, Europe and the United States were analyzed to understand the relation with climate as well as data at the global level to understand the relation with health prevention measures. Feature importance analysis revealed that temperature is the most important contributing attribute to the Corona cases' prediction models, followed by relative humidity. As well, the percentage of mask use and percentage of fully vaccinated individuals were found to have a great influence on the number of new Corona daily cases. The designed machine learning ensemble techniques had a maximum predication accuracy of 89.08%, and the produced possible interpretations for the designed models agreed with the performed feature importance analyses. We believe that the analysis approach followed in this research as well as the achieved findings could be very useful to other researchers who are interested in conducting more research investigation in the same research area on the new Corona variants. We also believe that policy makers could consider the findings of our research as they effectively plan their future health precautions measures to avoid further spread of the virus. © 2022 IEEE.

Occupational Training of Biostatistics Residents for COVID-19 Prevention

Introduction: Occupational training of Biostatistics residents for the development of COVID-19 preventive actions is a current challenge in the medical education process of professionals who are trained in this specialty, given the priority that this subject has within the national health system of Cuba. Objective: To assess the state of occupational training of Biostatistics residents for COVID-19 prevention during the actions that they carry out in education at work. Methods: A pre-experimental quantitative research was carried out using an intentional sample of ten Biostatistics residents from Holguín Province, with prior signing of informed consent. The method of direct observation in the field and the McNemar’s statistical test were used. Results: Occupational competence for COVID-19 prevention was provided, as it must be assessed in the cases of Biostatistics residents, since it is not included in the current program;as well as the main achievements and deficiencies that they demonstrated during the actions carried out in education at work. Conclusions: Occupational competence for COVID-19 prevention is a new quality that characterizes occupational training of Biostatistics residents in contemporary times. It is a cross-sectional competence that must be incorporated into their work profile, insofar it must be developed and assessed during the actions carried out in education at work, combined with higher medical teaching and research work. © 2021, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.

Effects of a cycling intervention on adolescents cycling skills

Background Over the last two decades, bicycling as a mode for transportation has declined by 64% among 16- to 20-year-old adolescents in Switzerland, the largest decrease of any age group. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of a bicycle training on adolescents’ cycling skills. In addition, the study investigated whether there is a relationship between school distance, mode of transport, bicycle use and cycling skills. Methods 77 adolescents (Mean age = 17.1 ± 0.8 years) were assigned to the intervention group (n = 48) or control group (n = 29). In both groups, a validated practical cycling skills test was performed at baseline and 2 weeks after baseline. The intervention group performed 2 h of bicycle training one week after the baseline test. A questionnaire was used to determine bicycle use, mode of transportation and distance to school. Due to Covid-19 school closures, only an online questionnaire was administered at 6-month follow-up. To analyze the effects of cycling training on cycling skills, multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, gender, and baseline cycling skills were applied. Results Compared to the control group, the total cycling skills increased in the intervention group (β = 4.54, [0.89 : 8.19], p = 0.02), as well as riding over a wooden plank with a ladder profile (β = 1.14, [0.08 : 2.19], p = 0.04) and controlled riding over a step (β = 1.48, [0.63 : 2.33], p ≤ 0.001). An association was found between bicycle use, mode of transportation, and cycling skills (p < 0.05). In contrast, no association could be found for school distance. Conclusion Cycling training improved adolescents’ cycling skills in the short term. Cycling skills correlated with bicycle use and mode of transportation.

Prevention of Emotional Disorders and Symptoms Under Health Conditions: A Pilot Study using the Unified Protocol in a Fertility Unit

Emotional Disorders (EDs) are common in women who undergo fertility treatments. The Unified Protocol (UP) is a transdiagnostic intervention that has demonstrated efficacy in preventing EDs under different health conditions. The aim of this pilot study is to: 1) improve emotional dysregulation for the prevention of anxiety and depressive symptoms in women undergoing intrauterine inseminations (IUI);2) assess their acceptability (e.g., satisfaction and adherence rates). Method: Five women undergoing IUI, with no clinical diagnoses, responded to measures of mood (anxiety and depression), affect, quality of life and emotional dysregulation in the pre-and post-assessments, and at the 1-, 3-and 6 month follow-ups. The UP was adapted to be applied during six face-toface group sessions lasting 2 h. The COVID-19 pandemic situation implied changing to an online format to end the program. Results: The results showed that women did not develop EDs, and no statistically significant pre-post and pre-follow-up differences were found for anxiety, depression, quality of life and emotional dysregulation (all p > .050). A tendency towards improvement in the post-assessment evaluation was noted. Satisfaction with the format and UP program was high. Conclusions: It would seem that programs focusing on therapeutic common factors like the UP could have an emotional preventive effect during IUI.

Preventing, mitigating, and managing future pandemics for people with an intellectual and developmental disability ‐ Learnings from COVID‐19: A scoping review

Many people with an intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) are biologically, socially, and economically/politically vulnerable to developing SARS‐COV‐2 (COVID‐19) compared to the general population. Most governments have developed public‐health policies and strategies to address the challenges that COVID‐19 has presented. These policies and strategies have been based upon the general population and in fact could be detrimental to the health and well‐being of people with IDD. This paper provides a review of the key learning points emerging from the COVID‐19 literature, together with guidance for the provision of services and government interventions for people with an IDD for future pandemics. Using guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute, a scoping review was used to explore the current literature (scientific and grey) on IDD and COVID‐19. Three core themes emerged from the review. Prevention/protection: User‐friendly accurate accessible information, handwashing and social distancing, Personal Protective Equipment, shielding, track and trace, testing, vaccine compliance/hesitancy, and training. Mitigation: Making reasonable adjustments both to where people live, and to community healthcare/clinical practice;and the use of technology as a pandemic‐response strategy. Treatment/Management: Access to acute hospitals and lifesaving equipment, using a suitable clinical fatality assessment instrument, stopping Do Not Resuscitate notices, individualised care plans and hospital passports, family/paid carers to support people in hospitals;and use of telehealth in clinical care. This is the first international scoping review that provides a narrative synthesis of emerging themes related to the COVID‐19 pandemic and people with an IDD. This paper highlights themes related to preventing, mitigating, and treating/managing the care of this population during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which can inform future public‐health policies. This paper also exposes the negative impacts of public‐health interventions in both High‐Income Countries and Low‐Middle Income Countries for this population including lapses in upholding human rights. These data provide a basis for learning from the COVID‐19 pandemic in planning for future pandemics. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Policy & Practice in Intellectual Disabilities is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

The Role of Environmental Health Workforce and How the World Has Discovered the Importance of Prevention

According to the International Federation of Environmental Health (IFEH), Environmental health can be defined as the branch of public health that focuses on the relationships between people and their environment, promotes human health and well-being and fosters healthy and safe communities, working to prevent illness. Environmental Health is practiced in almost every part of the world, working based by more or less the same environmental health factors even though there may be slight and insignificant approach variations in various countries, depending on the country and environmental health challenges, that have no boundaries. The SARS CoV2 Pandemic has come to demonstrate the vital role of the Environmental Health workforce worldwide to face this challenging time for the humankind. The Environmental health professionals who, by tracking contacts, inspecting establishments (teaching, commerce, industrial, etc.) in the implementation of preventive measures to combat COVID 19 and enforcing government guidelines, are preponderant in overcoming the COVID 19. It is time to raise awareness about Environmental Health, while working at the scope of the Health/Environment binomial, promotes health and prevent diseases. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Real-Time Mask Identification for COVID-19: An Edge-Computing-Based Deep Learning Framework.

During the outbreak of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while bringing various serious threats to the world, it reminds us that we need to take precautions to control the transmission of the virus. The rise of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has made related data collection and processing, including healthcare monitoring systems, more convenient on the one hand, and requirements of public health prevention are also changing and more challengeable on the other hand. One of the most effective nonpharmaceutical medical intervention measures is mask wearing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic real-time mask detection method to help prevent the public epidemic. In this article, we put forward an edge computing-based mask (ECMask) identification framework to help public health precautions, which can ensure real-time performance on the low-power camera devices of buses. Our ECMask consists of three main stages: 1) video restoration; 2) face detection; and 3) mask identification. The related models are trained and evaluated on our bus drive monitoring data set and public data set. We construct extensive experiments to validate the good performance based on real video data, in consideration of detection accuracy and execution time efficiency of the whole video analysis, which have valuable application in COVID-19 prevention.

Impact of Face Masks on Exercise Capacity and Lactate Thresholds in Healthy Young Adults.

BACKGROUND: Although many countries have introduced strict guidelines regarding mouth and nose coverage in public to contain infection rates during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, more information is needed regarding the impact of wearing face masks on lactate thresholds (LT) and performance parameters during exercise. METHODS: Ten healthy male and 10 healthy female subjects (age = 33.4 [10.26] y, body mass index = 23.52 [2.36] kg/m2) performed 3 incremental performance tests, wearing no mask (NM), surgical mask (SM), and filtering face piece mask class 2 (FFP2), with a cycle ergometer. The authors analyzed changes in the LT, in blood gas parameters, and in the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). RESULTS: Performance at LT remained unchanged in subjects wearing SM or FFP2 in comparison with NM (162.5 [50.6] vs 167.2 [58.9] vs 162.2 [58.4] W with NM, SM, and FFP2, respectively, P = .24). However, the peak performance was significantly reduced wearing FFP2 compared with NM (213.8 [71.3] vs 230.5 [77.27] W, FFP2 vs NM, respectively, P < .001). Capillary pCO2 was increased while wearing SM as well as FFP2 compared with NM (29 [3.1] vs 33.3 [4] vs 35.8 [4.9] mmHg with NM, SM, and FFP2, respectively; P < .001), and pO2 decreased under maximum performance (84 [6.7] vs 79.1 [7.5] vs 77.3 [8.2] mmHg with NM, SM, and FFP2, P < .01). Importantly, rating of perceived exertion was significantly increased by wearing FFP2 compared with NM at LT according to Mader (16.7 [2.7] vs 15.3 [1.8] FFP2 vs NM, respectively, P < .01). CONCLUSION: Wearing face masks during exercise showed no effect on LT, limited maximum performance, and induced discrete changes in capillary pCO2 and pO2 within the physiologic range while increasing RPE at LT.

One Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Effect of Sedentary Behavior on Physical Activity Levels and Musculoskeletal Pain among University Students.

The COVID-19 outbreak forced Italian students to reduce their daily activities, inducing a seden-tary attitude that was worsened by distanced learning. This study aimed to survey the physical activity levels that were maintained before and during the social restrictions following the pan-demic, their correlation to musculoskeletal pain, as well as analyzing the impact of these COVID-19 restrictions on pain and fatigue that affects daily life activities. A total of 2044 students completed the online questionnaire, of which the results of 1654 participants were eligible. Before the pandemic, the levels of physical activity were distributed as: 19.9% no activity, 30.1% light ac-tivity, 21.5% moderate activity, and 28.5% high activity. After one year of the pandemic, 30.6% of the participants were inactive, 48.1%, 10.9%, and 10.5% stated as maintaining, respectively, light, moderate and high levels of physical activity. Furthermore, 43.5% reported neck pain and 33.5% stated to experience low back pain. Physical activity levels lower than 150 min/week may have predisposed students to suffer from neck pain (1.95 OR at 95% CI, 1.44-2.64) and low back pain (1.79 OR at 95% CI, 1.29-2.49). A positive correlation between physical activity levels, Verbal Descriptive Scale (VDS), and pain frequency have been observed for neck and low back pain (p-value < 0.05). Finally, low physical activity levels were associated with musculoskeletal pain onset and pain worsening.

Oral Healthcare Management of Children after COVID-19 Outbreak.

The emergence of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a significant challenge to healthcare professionals. Among all the healthcare providers, dental clinical setup is exposed to the generation of potentially hazardous aerosols which could be a point of cross-contamination. Dentists catering to pediatric patients need to take special precautions, as they have milder symptoms or could be asymptomatic and hence potential vectors for the transfer of infection. One needs to change the perspective to manage the oral health of children as a child's oral health presents specific problems that could be time-bound and hence need to be treated accordingly. These problems can be managed on one hand by preventive methods, and on the other by implementing specific protocols relating to the conditions that represent an emergency, or those situations that fall into the category of elective dental procedures. This article highlights the routes of transmission in a dental practice and focuses on the categorization of treatment for children based on treatment needs. It proposes a restructuring of the treatment protocol and hence shifting to minimal invasive or non-aerosol-generating procedures (AGP). These techniques are also proposed to be used even after the end of the current emergency period to minimize the aerosol splatter. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The article highlights the protocol that needs to be followed after treatment categorization during and after COVID-19 pandemic. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Lamba G, Nagpal DI, Chowdhari P, et al. Oral Healthcare Management of Children after COVID-19 Outbreak. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(2):293-297.

["From Crisis to Health in All Policies." Conference report from the Poverty and Health 2021 Congress]. / "Aus der Krise zu Health in All Policies". Tagungsbericht vom Kongress Armut und Gesundheit 2021.

The annual Poverty and Health congress, which has been organized by Gesundheit Berlin-Brandenburg e. V. since 1995, has become one of the biggest public health events in Germany. It offers an exchange platform for science, practice, and politics. This year's congress topic was "From Crisis to Health in All Policies," which aimed to address the SARS-CoV­2 pandemic's impact on society in general and public health in particular. Overall, 80 panels were organized with close to 500 experts discussing a wide range of subjects and questions, for example, the connection between poverty and COVID-19, the current challenges in the care sector, the situation of homeless people, and the impact of the pandemic on (young) families or students as well as global questions on vaccination strategy and key issues for a public health strategy for Germany.